The US Department of Justice has charged James Comey with perjury over testimony he gave to Congress five years ago. The news puts the former FBI boss back in the spotlight nearly a decade after playing a key part in the drama of the 2016 election campaign.

Who is James Comey?

After a childhood in New York and New Jersey, the young lawyer worked for various federal prosecutors including Rudy Giuliani in the high-profile Southern District of New York in the late 1980s. He later made waves as the lead prosecutor against celebrity homemaker Martha Stewart, jailed for lying about financial misconduct in 2004.

Comey scaled the echelons of the Justice Department, but left for the private sector before President Barack Obama appointed him to run the FBI in 2013. His actions during the final weeks of the 2016 presidential election campaign, particularly his investigation into Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton's use of a private email server, caused significant controversy.

Breaking with agency norms, Comey announced 11 days before polling day that he was reopening the case due to new email discoveries, before closing it again a week later with no further action taken. His handling of the case drew criticism, including from a report by the inspector general.

Why did Trump fire Comey?

When President Trump fired Comey, it was during an investigation into potential Russian election interference. The White House cited Comey's handling of the Clinton probe as the reason, while Democrats argued it was tied to the Russia investigation. Comey's firing eventually led to a special counsel inquiry resulting in numerous charges against Trump campaign associates, although it didn’t conclude there was a conspiracy.

Why was Comey indicted?

The indictment states that Comey faces charges of making false statements and obstruction of justice, based on his appearance before the Senate Judiciary Committee in September 2020. Prosecutors allege he misled the Senate by denying authorization for a media leak related to an FBI investigation. Comey asserts his innocence and claims he will prove it in court.

What happens next?

Comey is set for an arraignment on October 9, where he will enter a plea, and the case will proceed to trial. Trump has hinted at additional charges against other political figures, leading critics to accuse him of misusing the Justice Department. This indictment comes amid intense political scrutiny over its implications for justice and partisanship in federal investigations.