Kevin Warsh has clashed with Democratic senators during a fiery confirmation hearing to decide whether he should be installed as Federal Reserve chairman.

From suggestions that he would be President Donald Trump's sock puppet to questions over his links to paedophile financier Jeffrey Epstein, here are the key takeaways from Tuesday's showdown in the Senate.

Warsh denies being Trump's 'sock puppet'

Senator Elizabeth Warren, the ranking Democrat on the banking committee that is overseeing his confirmation, said Warsh would be little more than Trump's sock puppet as Fed chairman. Trump has suggested that, if confirmed, Warsh would conform to his agenda and lower interest rates, which the president argues is necessary to boost the US economy.

Trump has repeatedly clashed in public with the current Fed boss, Jerome Powell - especially on the issue of interest rates. Powell's term expires in May. In Tuesday's hearing, Warren commented that having a sock puppet in charge of the Fed would give the president access to the Fed's powerful authorities to enrich himself, his family, and his Wall Street buddies. Asked whether he would indeed be the president's sock puppet, Warsh said: Absolutely not, affirming that the independence of America's central bank is essential.

Warsh questioned over Epstein ties

Warren also challenged Warsh regarding his potential links to Jeffrey Epstein. Warsh has disclosed hundreds of millions of dollars in financial holdings, including an investment fund worth at least $100m, the underlying assets of which have not been detailed. She queried, Do the funds invest in any companies affiliated with President Trump or his family? to which Warsh did not provide a direct answer but stated he plans to divest his holdings if confirmed.

Warsh denies deal with Trump

During the hearing, Warsh denied any agreement with Trump regarding interest rates. The president never once asked me to commit to any particular interest rate decision, period, he asserted. This defense came after previous reports indicated Trump's pressure for lower borrowing costs.

Thom Tillis withholds support

Backing and opposition for Warsh's appointment appeared largely partisan, but Republican Senator Thom Tillis was notable for withholding support while still praising Warsh's credentials. He stated a desire for an inquiry into the outgoing Fed chairman’s renovation overspend to conclude before he would approve Warsh's appointment.

Warsh wants Fed 'regime change'

If confirmed, Warsh promised significant changes at the Fed, including reforming how it measures inflation and communicates policy changes. He criticized the Fed's current forward guidance practice, suggesting he would prefer more spontaneous and less scripted meetings.