Impact of the Longest U.S. Government Shutdown on the Economy

Wed Nov 12 2025 12:28:35 GMT+0200 (Eastern European Standard Time)

As the longest federal government shutdown draws to a close, experts weigh in on its enduring effects on the economy, including lost wages, flight cancellations, and reduced consumer sentiment.

The U.S. government shutdown that began on October 1 is officially nearing an end after causing economic disruptions felt by millions. Approximately 1.25 million federal workers have missed paychecks, thousands of flights have been canceled, and various welfare programs have seen interruptions. While recovery in growth is anticipated, the shutdown is projected to have lasting impacts on consumer spending and overall economic growth.

WASHINGTON (AP) — As the longest federal government shutdown in U.S. history approaches its end, the repercussions on the economy are becoming starkly evident.

Since the shutdown began on October 1, approximately 1.25 million federal employees have gone without pay, leading to significant financial strains. Travel plans have also been disrupted, with thousands of cancelled flights causing further chaos in the airline industry.

The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) predicts that this shutdown, spanning six weeks, could reduce fourth-quarter growth by around 1.5 percentage points. Yet, there is hope for recovery in the upcoming quarters with estimates indicating a boost in growth of 2.2 percentage points in the first quarter of the following year. However, about $11 billion in economic activity is expected to be permanently lost.

“This shutdown is leaving a considerably visible mark on the economy, unlike many shorter ones that go unnoticed in the data,” states Gregory Daco, chief economist at EY.

Though federal workers are expected to receive back pay, the missed income, which amounts to an estimated $16 billion, has hindered spending in various sectors such as retail and restaurants, likely postponing holiday purchases and affecting the broader economic landscape.

The ripple effects extend into travel as well. Over 5,500 flights were grounded by airlines, dampening travel revenue and paving the way for further losses in hospitality and related services. Predictions suggest that the travel industry could lose around $2.6 billion due to this disruption.

Consumer sentiment has also suffered, plunging to a three-year low which could diminish spending habits in the long run. According to a recent survey by the University of Michigan, consumer sentiment fell by nearly 30% compared to last year, indicating growing pessimism about financial stability.

Moreover, the lockdown has strained federally-backed programs such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), further complicating life for countless families. Simultaneously, Federal Reserve interest rate cuts might come under reconsideration as the availability of economic data remains obstructed due to the shutdown's consequences.

In summary, while the government seems poised to reopen soon, the residual effects of the shutdown will likely linger, shaping consumer behavior and economic recovery in the months to come.