Historic Archive Reveals Names of 425,000 Suspected Nazi Collaborators in Netherlands

The Dutch National Archives has made public the names of around 425,000 suspected Nazi collaborators for the first time, a significant step in addressing the country's wartime history, despite some concerns over privacy and sensitivity.

The Dutch National Archives has launched an online database featuring the names of approximately 425,000 individuals suspected of collaborating with the Nazis during the German occupation from 1940 to 1945. This groundbreaking initiative allows for easier public access to records that were previously only available on-site in The Hague.

These names were accumulated through a specialized legal framework initiated towards the end of World War II, with more than 150,000 individuals facing penalty or legal repercussions. As explained by the Huygens Institute, which assisted in digitizing the archive, this effort removes significant barriers for anyone researching this painful chapter in Dutch history, facilitating the exploration of complex narratives surrounding collaboration.

The digital archive includes files on various groups, such as war criminals, an estimated 20,000 Dutch citizens who joined the German military, and alleged members of the National Socialist Movement (NSB). Interestingly, the records also feature names of individuals who were cleared of any wrongdoing. This comprehensive inclusion stems from the activities of the Special Jurisdiction, which was established to scrutinize suspected collaborators starting in 1944.

While the database currently offers only names along with their birth dates and locations—searchable through personal details—it does not specify the outcomes of investigations. Users can find out how to access more detailed information at the National Archives, where they must demonstrate a legitimate interest to view the physical documents.

Concerns have arisen regarding the potential implications of releasing sensitive information publicly. Rinke Smedinga, whose father was affiliated with the NSB, expressed fears about possible backlash against those named. On the other hand, Tom De Smet, the director of the National Archives, acknowledged the delicacy of the subject and hopes this transparency will pave the way for open discussions about a shared history of collaboration.

In a parliamentary letter dated December 19, Culture Minister Eppo Bruins emphasized the critical role of archivist openness in confronting the complexities of the Netherlands' past. While privacy concerns may limit the availability of information online, Bruins advocates for legal changes to potentially broaden access in the future. Importantly, names of individuals who are still alive have been omitted from this initial release, balancing historical inquiry with respect for privacy.