Kenya's parliament has accused British soldiers of decades of sexual abuse, killings, human rights violations and environmental destruction while training in the country.
The report detailed harrowing testimony from communities in Laikipia and Samburu counties, near the military training bases.
The British soldiers are accused of evading accountability by refusing to cooperate with the parliamentary investigation.
The UK High Commission in Kenya said it regretted that its submission was not reflected in the report's conclusions and affirmed its readiness to investigate the allegations under our jurisdiction fully, once evidence is provided.
For decades, troops from the British Army Training Unit in Kenya (Batuk) have been training in central Kenya but their presence has long attracted controversy, with soldiers accused of misconduct and rights abuses.
More than 1,000 Kenyan soldiers receive British training each year, while thousands of UK troops are sent to Kenya for training exercises.
In a 94-page report following a two-year inquiry, Kenya's parliamentary Committee on Defence, Intelligence and Foreign Relations accused Batuk of continued ethical breaches, rights violations and environmental negligence, as well as employment and labour concerns.
The panel cited oral and written submissions from affected civilians, victims, community leaders, civil society organisations and public agencies.
The report said that during the inquiry, host communities had complained of killings, assaults and maimings, including public fights and fatal traffic incidents, involving Batuk soldiers.
The report said that Batuk was increasingly seen as an occupying presence rather than a development partner, with affected residents drawing parallels to colonial injustices.
Among the worst cases was the 2012 murder of Agnes Wanjiru, whose body was found in a hotel septic tank in the central garrison town of Nanyuki, nearly three months after she was alleged to have spent an evening with British soldiers.
The panel said the pursuit of justice has been slow and fraught with frustration.
A former British soldier accused of Wanjiru's murder was arrested last month after a warrant was issued in the UK and he now faces extradition to Kenya. He has denied the charge, and his lawyers said he intended to contest the extradition.
Another case was the unlawful killing of herder Tilam Leresh allegedly by a Batuk sergeant in 2012, yet no arrest or prosecution has taken place in either Kenya or the UK.
The UK has previously expressed regret over Leresh's shooting by an on-duty British soldier, but in a statement to the parliamentary committee in October, the Ministry of Defence noted that British prosecutors had concluded there was insufficient evidence to bring charges.
The report also noted disturbing trends of sexual misconduct by Batuk personnel and claimed that survivors of sexual violence reported cases being dropped or mishandled by local authorities, with many victims denied access to justice.
It cited compelling evidence of widespread sexual violence perpetrated by Batuk soldiers particularly against women from the Samburu and Maasai communities.
MPs also alleged that Batuk has never carried out the legally required environmental and social impact assessments for its field exercises, raising concerns over the impact of military activities on local communities.
Residents reported respiratory issues, miscarriages, and livestock deaths due to toxic fumes and leftover military waste.
In its defence, Batuk said that independent environmental audits showed high levels of compliance with Kenyan regulations, but the report highlighted that Batuk had persistently declined to appear before the committee.
The British defence ministry claimed to have addressed the issues raised in the inquiry, but the parliamentary panel called for significant reforms in oversight of the UK military's operations in Kenya to ensure accountability and prevent future abuses.
