In brief
As tensions escalate between India and Pakistan following a recent terrorist attack, Gulf states have emerged as potential mediators seeking to de-escalate the situation.
May 9, 2025, 12:22 p.m. ET – Amid a burgeoning conflict marked by accusations and military strikes, Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states are mobilizing their diplomatic resources to help ease tensions between India and Pakistan. The recent turmoil commenced after India accused Pakistan of facilitating a deadly terrorist attack on April 22 in Kashmir, a contentious region claimed by both nations. In response, India has launched airstrikes targeting multiple locations across Pakistan, further inflaming the situation.While the United States has historically played a prominent mediating role during such crises, it has remained conspicuously absent from this round of tensions, leaving room for Gulf states to fill the void. A senior Saudi diplomat, Adel al-Jubeir, has engaged in direct discussions with leaders from both nations, visiting New Delhi and Islamabad to advocate for peace. Pakistani representatives have also reported ongoing communications with diplomats from other regional players, including the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait.The deep-rooted ties between Gulf nations and both India and Pakistan provide a unique backdrop for these mediation efforts. With a significant number of Indian expatriates residing in Gulf areas, extensive trade relations, and shared economic interests, the Gulf monarchies like Saudi Arabia have cultivated substantial influence in India. Conversely, Pakistan has historically relied on Saudi security assistance, creating a complex web of relationships.Referring to previous instances of conflict, analysts highlight that both Saudi Arabia and the UAE have previously acted as mediators in crises, notably during escalations in 2019 when Indian airstrikes targeted Pakistan. At that time, top officials from these Gulf nations intervened, successfully facilitating dialogue between the two countries.Experts suggest that Gulf nations view their role in mediating disputes as not only a means of enhancing their international stature but also a way to bolster their own national interests and security. With the stakes high and the situation on the verge of escalation, the diplomatic efforts of Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and their allies will be closely observed as they attempt to navigate this critical geopolitical challenge.
