At 69 years of age, Sarkozy has consistently maintained his innocence, arguing that these accusations are fueled by adversaries intending to undermine him. This investigation commenced in 2013, ignited by revelations from Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, who accused Sarkozy of securing campaign finances from his father, Gaddafi.

Further complicating the matter, Lebanese businessman Ziad Takieddine alleged he possessed evidence that Sarkozy's campaign financing stemmed from $50 million in payments, which purportedly continued during Sarkozy's presidency. Alongside Sarkozy, twelve others implicated in this alleged pact with Gaddafi are also standing trial, all of whom vigorously reject the charges.

Sarkozy's wife, Carla Bruni-Sarkozy, a former supermodel and musician, was charged last year for allegedly concealing evidence related to this case and committing fraud alongside wrongdoers, which she also disputes. Following his electoral loss in 2012, Sarkozy has encountered various legal challenges, including a recent ruling against him for overspending during the 2012 campaign, which resulted in a suspended sentence.

In 2021, Sarkozy made history as the first former French president to face jail time for attempting to bribe a judge, receiving a one-year prison sentence, with arrangements allowing him to serve his term at home with an electronic tag. Although he did not wear this tag upon arriving at court on Monday, it is anticipated he may don it during this three-month trial linked to the alleged Gaddafi connections. The trial is projected to conclude by April 10, where a potential guilty verdict could lead to a decade in prison for Sarkozy.